The Andean Community of Nations

The Andean Community of NationsThe Andean Community of NationsHistoryThe history of the Andean Community of Nations started on the 26th of May 1969, when Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru sign the Cartagena Agreement. This was the launch of the Andean Integration process and was too known as the Andean Pact, (Andean Community of Nations, a brief history, par. 1). On February the 13th 1973, Venezuela joined the parallelism and on the 30th of October 1976, and Chile withdraw itself out of de community. Also Venezuela withdraws itself out of de community. This happened in April 2006.All the bodies and institutions of the Andean Community of Nations as we know today were created in the first ten years of the organisation except for the Andean Council of Presidents. This was created in 1990 ( Andean Community of Nations, a brief history, par. 4).ObjectivesThe Andean Community of Nations has six objectives to advertise the Member countries harmonious development throughout de segregation and economic and social cooperation to accomplish growth and to create employment to assist participation in basis of regional integration with the purpose of a creation of a Latin the States prevalent market to reduce the differences that exist between the member countries to whence search for the improvement of the living conditions of the citizens living in the region of the Andean Community of Nations to improve the role of their member countries in the world and the international appendnce ( Andean Community of Nations, what ar our objectives?).Tactics and actionsOrganisation and structureThe Andean Community of Nations consists of 4 members Bolivia, Colombia, Peru and Ecuador. The observer countries are Mexico and Panama.The Andean Community of Nations has thirteen bodies and institutions Andean Council of PresidentsThe Council of Presidents is highest consistence of the organisation and is responsible for the making guidelines for the rest of the organisa tion Andean Council of Foreign affairsThis body is made up of all the foreign personal matters ministers of the member countries and is responsible for making and carry out the foreign policy of the organisation Andean Community CommissionThe Commission is the main policy- making body of the Andean Community of Nations Andean Community General SecretariatThe General Secretariat is the executive body of the organisation and has the responsibility of drawing decisions for the Council of Foreign Affairs Andean Community Court of JusticeThis Community is the legislative body of the organisation and is made up of four judges of the four member countries. They are responsible for ensuring that the laws of the Community are being applied appropriately. Andean ParliamentThe Andean Parliament is the body that represent the citizens of the member countries. Andean Development gageThis Corporation is the financial institution of the organisation. They support the public and private sector of the member countries as well as the governments. Latin the States Reserve brothThe purpose of this Fund is to give financial assistance to the member countries by giving credits or loans and it also helps the member countries to harmonize their financial and fiscal policies. Andean Business Advisory Council Andean Labour Advisory Council Andean Health Body Simon Rodriguez Convention Simon Bolivar UniversityAll the above mentioned bodies and institutions are part of the Andean Integration System (SAI). This system was designed to allow effective coordination between al the bodies and institutions in order to maximize the Andean integration.Introduction based on questions 1 -7The purpose of this paper is to examine the role that e-government can play in Regional worldwide Organizations in Central- en South America.First it is master(prenominal) what is meant by e-government. E-government is also known as electronic government, e-gov, digital government or online government. Techn ology, or e-government, is the way of exchanging information and services with citizens, businesses, organisations and other arms of government. E-government also entails the use of information technology to free movement of information to overcome the physical bounds of traditional paper and psychical bases systems, as well as the use of technology to enhance the access to and delivery of government services to benefit citizens, business partners and employees. E-government comprises activities that take place by digital processes over a computer network, usually the internet. These activities generally involve the electronic exchange of information to acquire or provide products or service, to place or receive orders, to provide or obtain information, or to complete financial transactions.Second it is important to examine what is meant by Regional Organizations in Central- en South America. Regional Organizations are international organizations which bring together countries occup ying a certain region with shared needs and interest for the purpose of closer cooperation and or integration. According to the Yearbook of International organizations there are eight criteria for inclusion under the international organizationThe aims essential be genuinely international with the intention to cover at least(prenominal) three statesMembership must be individual or collective participation, with full voting rights, and must be open to any individual or entity appropriately qualified in the organizations area of trading operations. Voting must be so that no national free radical can control the organizationThe typography must provide for a formal structure giving members the right periodically to elect governing bodies and officers. Provision should be made for continuity of operations with a permanent headquarterOfficers should not all be of the same nationality for more than a given period.There should be a substantial contribution to the reckon from at least t hree states and there should be no attempt to make profit for distribution to membersThose with an organic relationship with other organisation must show that it can exist independently and elect its own officialsEvidence of current activities must be availableNegative criteria are size, politics, ideology, field of activity, geographical location of headquarters, nomenclature, is irrelevant deciding whether a set-up is an international organisation or notREFERENCESThere are two ways of defining Central America. It is contingent to define Central America as a region of the northwestern American continent. Geopolitically spoken, it comprises seven countries Belize, Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica and Panama. Mexico is often implicated. In Latin America and in Europe, the Americas are considered to be a continent and Central America is a region of that continent. The United Nations geoscheme defines the region as all states of North America south of the Un ited States conversely the European conjugation excludes Belize and Mexico from its definition of the region.South America comprises the countries of Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands, French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, South Georgia and South Sandwich Islands, Suriname, Uruguay and Venezuela. Besides those countries are there also various islands, many of which belong to countries of the continent. Geopolitically, the islands states and overseas territories of the Caribbean are generally grouped as a part of sub region of North America.Third, it is important to know what the main Regional Organisations are in Central- and South America. The main Regional International Organisations are Mercado Comun del Sur (MERCOSUR) The Andean Community of Nations The Union of South American Nations (Unasur/Unasul) The Organization of American States (OAS) Pan American Institute of Geography and History (PAIGH) Inter-American Drug Abuse Control Commission (CICAD) Organismo para la Proscripcion de las Armas Nucleares en la Amrica Latina y el Caribe (OPANAL) The Inter- American Development Bank Associacao Latino-Americana de Intergracao / Asociacion Latino-Americana de Intergracion (ALADI) Association of Caribbean States (ACS) Latin American Economic System (SELA) Latin American Centre for Development Administration (CLAD)Mercado Comun Del Sur and the Andean Community of Nations are two Regional International Organisations which have great influence in the region. The two organisations are the two main trading axis vertebraks and therefore the choice was made to examine them further in the rapport.Mercosur (Mercado Comun del Sur)Mercosur or Mercado Comun del Sur, is a trading bloc in South America. The trading bloc is the fourth-largest trading bloc in the world and the largest in South America. The bloc comprises Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay and Uruguay and was founded in 1991 by the treaty of Asuncion. In 1994 the treaty of Ouro Pre to gave the organisation a wider international status and formalised a sustoms union.The organisations headquarters lies in the capital of Uruguay Montevideo. Mercosur has two official languages Spanish and Portuguese. The rotation of the governance of Mercosur between member states takes place every six months.The Mercosur institutions include among others vulgar Market Council Common Market Group Commission of Commerce of Mercosur Parliament of MercosurThe sevens of Mercosur was inaugurated in December 2006. Initially, the parliament serves only as an advisory committee for the foreign ministers of the Mercosur member states.The four states that conform Mercosur find expression in their democratic, support societies of the fundamental liberties, the human rights. They unite to fight against poverty and unite to bring economic development and legal security.The fundamental objective of the treaty of Asuncion is the integration of the four states parts, through the free movement of goods, capital, services and people among its member states, the establishment of a common external tariff and the adoption of a common commercial policy.The Mercosur countries count a population of more than 220 million people and have a collective output of $1.1 trillion, accounting for over 75 percentage of South Americas GDP with $800 billion for Brazils count. Mercosur has 5 associated members Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru. The fact that they are associated members means that can join free-trade agreements but they remain outside the blocs customs union. There were moves to include Chile as full member, but these were suspended after Chile signed a free-trade deal with the United States in 2002.On the 4th of July 2006, Venezuela became the fifth full member of Mercosur. Venezuela, a leading oil and gas producer gave Mercosur greter economic clout, but it raised fairs that the controversial Venezuelan leader Hugo Chavez could use the group as a platform for hi s anti-US stance.Klonsky, J. (2007). Mercosur South Americas Fractious Trade Bloc. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from Council on Foreign Relations Website http//www.cfr.org/publication/12762/Mercosur, Quienes Somos. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from Mercosurs official website. Website http//www.mercosur.int/msweb/portal%20intermediario/es/index.htmBBC, Profile Mercosur Common Market of the South. Retrieved November 19, 2007, from Internation Organisations Website http//news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/5195834.stm